Along the coast of North Wales, four mighty fortresses — Caernarfon, Conwy, Harlech, and Beaumaris — form one of Europe’s most complete medieval military landscapes. Together, they make up the Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that marks 40 years of recognition in 2025.
These castles aren’t just relics of conquest — they’re living monuments to identity and endurance. Rising above harbours, rivers, and mountain backdrops, they anchor some of Wales’ most remarkable walking routes, from the Wales Coast Path and Llŷn Coastal Path to upland trails leading toward Eryri (Snowdonia) National Park.
They are four 13th-century fortresses — Caernarfon, Conwy, Harlech, and Beaumaris — recognised by UNESCO for their outstanding medieval design and preservation.
Yes. Sections of the Wales Coast Path connect Caernarfon, Conwy, and Harlech, with bus and train links making it easy to explore all four without a car.
Harlech Castle is the most dramatic, with panoramic views across Cardigan Bay and the mountains of Eryri.
Most are open daily except major holidays, with extended hours in summer. Conwy and Caernarfon are open year-round, while Harlech and Beaumaris have seasonal hours.
Spring and autumn offer mild weather and fewer crowds — ideal for combining heritage visits with coastal or countryside walks.